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Parkinson's Disease Drug Might Work In Cancer Patients
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter in the brain that regulates movement and affects behavior. In its synthetic form, dopamine is used to treat heart attack victims, Parkinson's disease and pituitary tumors. But it wasn't known until now that dopamine worked by blocking the growth of new blood vessels (a process called angiogenesis). "Researchers now can test this concept in solid tumors where angiogenesis plays a critical role in the growth and progression of these cancers," says Sujit Basu, M.D., Ph.D., a Mayo Clinic scientist who conducted this study with Partha Sarathi Dasgupta, Ph.D., a scientist with the Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI) in Calcutta, India.; and, Debanjan Chakroborty, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow in biochemistry at Mayo Clinic and CNCI.
"Sometimes new drugs may not be the answer. We looked instead at a novel use for an established product and have found very promising results," Dr. Basu says. The study has not been replicated in humans, but the results are encouraging, he says. Dr. Basu has been studying the role of dopamine in cancer for years, and was credited with the initial discovery that dopamine can block new blood vessel growth. His current study is based on mouse and laboratory models of sarcoma -- a malignant tumor affecting soft tissues. The research is the first report that dopamine has a role in cancer's use of endothelial progenitor cells to provide a supply line of nourishing blood, Dr. Basu says. These cells, a form of stem cells, are released by bone marrow into the blood system in response to the vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), which is a protein that is secreted by oxygen-deprived cancer cells. The endothelial progenitor cells then help form new blood vessels to feed the cancer. Researchers discovered that dopamine stops the transfer of endothelial progenitor cells from the bone marrow into the circulatory system by binding to a specific receptor on the surface of the progenitor cells. This binding suppresses the activity of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), an enzyme that enables these cells to move out of bone marrow. In their experiments, they found that treatment with dopamine significantly decreased mobilation of the progenitor cells from the bone marrow, and it also decreased MMP-9 expression. "This is the first time it has been shown that an important neurotransmitter like dopamine is regulating the mobilization of these progenitor cells from the bone marrow. This is very important and represents why these findings are so unique," Dr. Basu says. This research was published in the March 13 online issue of The Journal of Clinical Investigation. Other authors include: Chandrani Sarkar, Ph.D., of both CNCI and Mayo Clinic; Uttio Roy Chowdhury, Ph.D., and Rathindranath Baral, Ph.D., both of CNCI. This research was supported by grants from the Department of Biotechnology, the Government of India; the National Institutes of Health; and the U.S. Department of Defense. Note: Cost of Dopamine (Mayo Clinic Pharmacy, March 6, 2008) Dopamine: 55 cents per dose (200 milligrams dopamine hydrochloride per 5 milliliters of solution) Adapted from materials provided by Mayo Clinic. is bactroban over the counter, cephalexin code, folic acid and irritable bowel syndrome, lipitor flu like symptoms, naproxen uk, neurontin injection, nicotine patch physicians insert, half life of propoxyphene, risperdal 0.5, wellbutrin and bipolar disorder 16:44 - 2008-Mar-31 - comments {0} - post commentTips for Removing Acne Scars QuicklyIf you had so much trouble previously with acne on your face, and you can??™t go out sociably with anyone, you might be having not much of a difference now as well. Research shows that almost two thirds of people who suffer from acne problems such as pimples, whiteheads, rash, and blackheads, would definitely have a clear acne scar on their face for a long time. Removing the acne scar is not something so hard nowadays, with the help of so many different types of medication and skincare creams. As we know, most forms of acne are the result of skin glands making too much oil, which collects alien substances resulting in clogged pores leading to acne and pimples. Deep pimples are more likely to leave scars, especially if they are not left alone to heal properly. Acne Medicines As The Cure Acne scar treatment actually starts from the acne treatment itself. Medications such as Interlesional Corticosteroid Injection, Isotretinoin, Oral Antibiotics, Topical Retinoids, Topical Antimicrobials, Oral Contraceptives and many more are also at the same time become the cure for the after-effect of the acne. These medicines also help to clean the depth of the pimples, which results in cleaner healing process, rather than just a normal healing by any skin care cream or lotion. The best way to treat acne scars is to go to a dermatologist obviously. This is because at the skin care center, your skin would be put for testing and the real cause of the not-proper healing could be found, and the dermatologist would also be able to find the type of acne scar that you have. This is actually not so known to everyone, that there are actually many different types of acne scars, and each one of them have its own different method of curing or removal. Besides just looking at the type of scar, your age, tolerance for medications and therapies, physical health and medical history would also be taken into consideration, because most of the acne scar medications are pretty strong, and can have side effects if applied on wrong skin which do not have the tolerance power or even the immunity to protect against the side effect caused by the medications. At a dermatology skin care center, basically, there are many types of acne scar removal methods offered. Some of the most famous ones would be the autologous fat transferm, dermabrasion, laser resurfacing, collagen injections, punch grafts, and chemical peels, and you have the right to choose any of these or alternatively go for any internal medication depending on your seriousness of the acne scar problem. Read out for Acne home remedies. Check out get rid of acne and acne treatment.
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When researchers prevented human cells from turning on TRIM22, the natural defence system generated by the body when a foreign invader attacks, the cells could not protect themselves against HIV. "This means that TRIM22 is an essential part of our body's ability to fight off HIV," Dr. Stephen Barr, a researcher in the department of medical microbiology and immunology at the University of Alberta, said in a release issued Thursday. Other genes in the TRIM family have also been shown to prevent viruses from replicating. TRIM5a blocks the early replication of HIV-1 while RhTRIM5a blocks late-stage HIV replication. The scientists are now exploring how this gene can be turned on in people who cannot defend themselves against the virus. "We hope that our research will lead to the design of new drugs and/or vaccines that can halt the person-to person transmission of HIV and the spread of the virus in the body, thereby blocking the onset of AIDS," said Barr. He acknowledged that such development could be decades away. The study was published Thursday in the Public Library of Science journal Pathogens. treating squamous on penis with aldara, typical dose alprazolam, 30 effexor xr, is metformin a sulfonylureas, image omeprazole, prednisone adult male dosage, valium injectables, paris on valtrex, verapamil overdose dosage safety, zyprexa drog 12:47 - 2008-Mar-25 - comments {0} - post commentAP/San Francisco Chronicle Examines Debate Over Role Of Tuskegee Syphilis Study In Blacks' Clinical Trial ParticipationThe AP/San Francisco Chronicle on Sunday examined a debate among researchers over whether the Tuskegee Syphilis Study "remains a significant factor in turning black people away from clinical trials at a greater rate than white people." The government-backed Tuskegee Syphilis Study, which ended in 1972, tracked the effects of untreated syphilis in mostly poor and uneducated black men over 40 years. The study enlisted 600 black men, 399 of whom had syphilis, in exchange for free medical exams, meals and burial insurance. The men were denied treatment and were not informed they had the infection. By the time the study was exposed to the public, 28 participants had died from the infection, 100 others had died of related complications, and at least 40 spouses and 19 children were also infected. Studies measuring how the Tuskegee study affects clinical trial participation among blacks show conflicting results. A Johns Hopkins University study released in January indicates that blacks were more reluctant than whites to participate in clinical trials "because they fear being improperly used as guinea pigs," according to the AP/Chronicle. The study concluded that the lack of participation by blacks inhibits the development of treatments for diseases that disproportionately affect the black population. A 2005 study by the university found that few blacks knew about the Tuskegee study at all and that even fewer knew accurate details. An NIH survey, also released in 2005, found that blacks are as willing as whites to volunteer for clinical studies but are less likely to be asked to participate. Other Factors
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